US Approves Merger of Continental and United Airlines

The New York Times is reporting that the proposed merger of Continental and United Airlines has been approved. It is expected that the deal will now move forward quickly and result in the world's largest airline.

According to The Times: In a statement posted on its Web site, the Justice Department said it had “closed its investigation” into the proposed merger after United and Continental agreed to give take-and landing slots to Southwest Airlines at Newark Liberty International Airport.

“United and Continental entered into the arrangement with Southwest in response to the department’s principal concerns regarding the competitive effects of the proposed United/Continental merger,” the Justice Department said in its statement.

This news I find especially exciting since we have been conducting a lot of research on mergers and acquisitions from a network perspective in both competitive, such as oligopolistic, settings, which is the industrial structure of many airlines, and in cooperative environments, such as in humanitarian logistics and operations where there may be teaming for disaster relief.

My paper, "Formulation and Analysis of Horizontal Mergers Among Oligopolistic Firms with Insights Into the Merger Paradox: A Supply Chain Network Perspective," has now been published online in the journal Computational Management Science and according to a message that I received yesterday from the publisher of this journal, Springer, it should be appearing in the hardcopy issue soon.

Another more personal connection is that my college room-mate from Brown University, Teresa Davila, is a United Airlines stewardess and language specialist. I hope that the corporate cultures of these two airlines mesh well so that the employees are comfortable when it ultimately takes place. I am a former Premier flier on United and my recent long distance flights on this airline were to/from spectacular Honolulu and to/from Buenos Aires, Argentina!

High Tech Mergers Are HOT Again

USAToday.com is reporting that high tech mergers, both in number and in value, are on the increase. Especially attractive, as acquisitions, are firms associated with mobile computing, cloud computing, and search engines. In the past year, SAP, IBM, Apple, and Google have acquired firms and Oracle's success may be due, in part, to its earlier wise acquisitions.

Interestingly, the article also notes that the Chinese are eager to acquire firms. One of the major drivers in mergers and acquisitions (M&A) this time around is the desire to obtain access to new global markets, coupled with bigger firms acquiring smaller, agile firms with technological know-how and cutting-edge technological expertise and products. Moreover, many of the leading high tech companies are sitting on a lot of cash and interest rates are lower than a year ago signaling an improved economic climate for such transactions.

Our research on the integration of multiproduct firms, and the quantification of associated synergy, entitled,"Multiproduct Supply Chain Horizontal Network Integration: Models, Theory, and Computational Results," was just published in the International Journal of Operational Research, volume 17 (2010), pp 333-349. The results therein can be applied to assess the synergy of mergers and acquisitions of firms with similar or distinct portfolios of products and with access to different markets.

Another recent M&A study of ours, which is in press, also in a peer-reviewed journal, Computational Management Science, entitled, "Formulation and Analysis of Horizontal Mergers Among Oligopolistic Firms with Insights into the Merger Paradox: A Supply Chain Network Perspective," shows the impacts on profits of different acquisitions in industries in which the firms compete directly and feed the same markets.